Periodontal disease can also affect your sugar levels and therefore affect how. Periodontal screening and recording psr, a screening procedure endorsed by the american dental association and the american academy of periodontology, may be utilized. Some of the factors in the adult animal that play a major role in the development of periodontal diseases are discussed in this article, including overcrowding, malocclusions, diet, developmental defects, and metabolic and systemic disease. Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease that can usually be reversed with daily brushing and flossing, and regular cleaning by a dentist or dental hygienist.
When gums are healthy, they continue to fit snugly around the teeth. Feb 14, 2020 periodontitis is a severe gum infection that can lead to tooth loss and other serious health complications. Causal theory and causal models have proven to be helpful in understanding the multi. We have no conflict of interest related to this work. We have come to understand that while the etiology of periodontitis is bacteria. Nov 19, 2014 etiology of periodontal disease primary etiology initiating factors secondary etiology predisposing factors microbial effect host response local predisposing factor systemic predisposing factors 111111991144 oossssaammaa eellsshhaallll 1144 15. Position paper epidemiology of periodontal diseases. By the mid1960s, the concept took hold that the initiation and progression of periodontal disease is caused by the supra and subgingival dental plaque which is. Using the tissue culture technique of 12, he and his colleagues showed, for the first time in. The term periodontal disease refers to gingivitis and periodontitis as well. If you are diabetic you are more prone to gum disease, and your gum disease is often more severe. Introduction gingival diseases are a group of different diseas e entities that are localized to the gingiva. The study focused on the isolation and identification. Learn more about causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
It represents the position of the academy in regard to the current state of knowledge about the epidemiology of periodontal diseases. Etiology of periodontal disease the clinical manifestations of periodontal disease result form a complex interplay between bacteria found in dental plaque and the host tissues. Advances in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontitis have led to the development of a number of targeted systems for administration of drug into the periodontal pocket. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Periodontal gum disease national institute of dental. Etiology of gingivitis antonio basconesmartinez, elena criadocamara, cristina basconesilundain, santiago arias herrera and jaime basconesilundain the faculty of dentistry, complutense university, madrid spain 1.
Recent advances in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease and polymicrobial synergy in the dysbiotic oral microbial community endorsed novel therapeutic targets and. Epi upon demos people ology science epidemiology the science which deals with what falls upon people 2. Pathogenesis deals with the mode of origin or development of disease. Connections between the diseases in the periodontium and general health are described in detail. Changing views of dental plaque over the past 50 years, the understanding and characterization of dental plaque have undergone significant evolution. Periodontal pathology, also termed gum diseases or periodontal diseases, are diseases involving the periodontium the tooth supporting structures, i. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease that affects the soft and hard structures that support the teeth. Its typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaquea sticky film. Request pdf etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases the two most prevalent and most investigated periodontal diseases are dental plaqueinduced gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. It may form on teeth, mucosa or other solid surfaces. In this paper, currently accepted concepts of the origin and progression of gingivitis and.
Epidemiology, etiology, and prevention of periodontal diseases. Several studies involving different racial populations have found some difference in the expression of periodontal disease. Many adults, however, develop some type of periodontal, or gum, diseasean infection of the tissues that support their teeth. Pdf bacterial etiology and risk factors of periodontal. The periodontium is composed of alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum and gingiva. Specific etiologic agents of these diseases have been sought for over 100 years. Infection and periodontal diseases clinical infectious. Host response mechanisms in periodontal diseases scielo.
Diagnosis is the recognition of the presence of a disease. T he interpretation of diagnostic tests for the detection of subgingival bacterial species is dependent on knowledge of the microbial etiology of destructive periodontal diseases. The last 10 to 15 years have seen the emergence of several important new findings and concepts regarding the etiopathogenesis of periodontal diseases. The principal cause of periodontal disease are bacterial tooth deposits dental plaque which accumulate as a result of inadequate oral hygiene and evoke an. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases wiley online library. Epidemiology of periodontal diseases this paper was prepared by the research, science and therapy committee of the american academy of periodontology and is intended for the information of the dental profession. Early periodontal disease in the early stages of periodontitis, your gums recede, or pull away, from your teeth and small pockets form between. In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen, red, and may bleed. May 20, 2014 periodontal disease has a reciprocal relationship with educational level. Periodontal disease is plaque induced inflammation of surrounding tooth structures. As periodontitis progresses, your bones and teeth can be.
The bacterial etiology of destructive periodontal disease. None of the periodontal diseases can be transmitted between individuals or between diseased and healthy sites of a susceptible person. Gum periodontal disease causes, symptoms, diagnosis. Etiology of periodontal diseases linkedin slideshare. Etiological factors in periodontal disease are classified into two broad categories, depending on their specific origin. The oral health status will also be evaluated and treatment rendered based on the diagnosis. Prominent pathologists interpreted the histopathology in various ways and produced somewhat divergent theories on the nature and causes of periodontitis see loe in this volume. Causal theory and the etiology of periodontal diseases. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf author. Periodontitis pereodontietis, also called gum disease, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. These deposits can be readily visualised with vegetable or synthetic dyes in disclosing solutions, and can become calci. In advanced stages, periodontal disease can lead to sore, bleeding gums. The periodontal disease is conformed by a group of illnesses affecting the.
The two most prevalent and most investigated periodontal diseases are dental plaque induced gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. The role of local factors in the etiology of periodontal. In periodontology, the pathogenesis of gingivitis and periodontitis are related but tend to be described separately, and although the clinical and histological changes that occur are well known, the details of. Pdf the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Etiology and microbiology of periodontal diseases academic. Some scientists contended that periodontitis was the result of trauma from occlusion that produced excessive forces on. Periodontal disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf on jul 21, 2018, muna s elburki and others published the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease find, read and cite all the. You may be referred to a periodontist, a dentist who specializes in the treatment of diseases that affect the supporting structures of the teeththe gum and bone tissuefor treatment. There is paucity of information on microbial etiology of periodontal diseases in enugu. Periodontal diseases range from simple gum inflammation to serious disease those results in major damage to the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth. Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. Preventing periodontal disease b y the time people reach adulthood, their teeth and gingivae, or gums, have had quite a workout.
Periodontal disease is the most common clinical dental abnormality occurring in adult dogs and cats. Emphasis will be placed on the reduction of the plaque and. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection of the periodontium and that bacteria are the primary etiology agents in periodontal disease. If you have been told you have periodontal gum disease, youre not alone. Periodontal diseases are conditions that affect the supporting structures of the teeth. Periodontal disease is the numberone cause of the early loss of teeth in dogs and cats. Pathogenesis is the sequence of events leading to the occurrence of a disease.
Periodontal gum disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. May 22, 2017 periodontitis is a serious infection of the gums. The etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease bioaccent. In the more serious form of periodontal disease called. Gingivitis is a reversible dental plaque induced inflammation of the. Etiology of periodontal diseases my dental hygiene education. The risk factors for periodontal disease are shown on table 1. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases request pdf. This form of gum disease does not include any loss of bone and tissue that hold teeth in place.
Periodontal gum disease is an infection of the tissues that hold teeth in place. On october 30november 2, 1999, the american acade my of periodontology assembled an international workshop for a classification of periodontal diseases and conditions, which resulted in a new classification. In its early stage, called gingivitis, the gums become swollen and red due to inflammation, which is the bodys natural response to the presence of harmful bacteria. Its typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaquea sticky film of bacteriato build up on the teeth and harden. Classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. In its more serious form, called periodontitis, the gums can pull away from the tooth, bone can be lost, and the teeth may loosen or.
The higher the educational level, the lower the periodontal diseases department of health education and welfare, 1966. Early concepts of periodontal disease were derived primarily from histopathological observations. The bacterial spectrum changes from grampositive, nonmobile, anaerobic cocci to. Its caused by bacteria that have been allowed to accumulate on your teeth and gums. The design and application of causal models is essential to the appropriate design, conduct and analysis of studies on periodontal disease causation. Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease pdf. But even if you are diabetic, gum disease is still preventable with the above guidance. The two most prevalent and most investigated periodontal diseases are dental plaqueinduced gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. Dumitrescu etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal disease represents a new concept in periodontology with its pronounced focus on understanding through knowledge rather than presenting the present valid answers. Gum periodontal disease causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment national institute of dental and craniofacial research.
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